CCNA Pass For Sure - Cisco Certificates Killer :)

CS-Mars V6.0 in VMWARE (Franken Mars)

2009-04-01T18:51:00.000-07:00

CS-Mars V6.0 in VMWARE (Franken Mars)

Tags: Cisco, cs-mars, franken, Linux, Security
http://netemu.cn/bbs/forum-449-1.html
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Emulating software is a very grey area for Cisco, they make their money by selling boxes so I guess officially Cisco don’t approve of things like GNS3 and PEMU. BUT cisco make a lot of their money from techies training in Cisco products who then get their management to buy boxes their certified in, as a result cisco appear to turn a blind eye to emulating their products for personal training purposes

So, I’m installing a CS-Mars box in the next couple of weeks and wanted to know what’s new in version 6. How to setup version 4 is already document here in this franken cs-mars guide, the thing is to upgrade from 4 to 6 is a re-image of the box. Upon re-imaging my VMWare appliance I realised that the lilo commands linux rw init=/bin/bash didn’t appear to work anymore. As a result I have a v6 mars box I can’t use due to a licensing problem.

To get this working read through both the old instructions, and what I have written.

The init/boot sequence of a mars box looks very much like a centos/fedora boot, so I thought up a cunning new plan. I downloaded the 1st installation CD of centos 5, after booting this CD instead of hitting “enter” and running the anaconda installer I typed linux rescue, this boots my appliance into a root linux shell. (See Update Below, boot from CentOS straight after MARS installs, don’t let MARS boot!)

What happened next was a little hit and miss, if you’re lucky you can type

mkdir /mnt/opt
mount /dev/md2 /mnt/optyou can then

cd /mnt/opt/janus/release/bin
mv pnlicense pnlicense.org
echo “/bin/echo d84f7ceaf50f9c45683e2efb77752d4f:License verified:4:0:0:4″ > pnlicense
chmod +x pnlicense
as per the old documentation.

If you’re unlucky this “mount” will fail, in this case ls /mnt/sysimage if you can’t see any files issue mount /dev/md1 /mnt/sysimage otherwise the plan is to change the root password so that we can edit the pnlicense file later.

Using vi edit /mnt/sysimage/etc/passwd, and change…

pnadmin:x:500:500::/opt/janus/release/bin:/opt/janus/release/bin/pnsh
for

pnadmin:x:500:500::/opt/janus/release/bin:/bin/bash
Next, setup your editor variable, and edit the suders file…

EDITOR=/mnt/sysimage/bin/vi;export EDITOR
visudo -f /mnt/sysimage/etc/suders
and add..

pnadmin ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
Reboot by exiting the shell.

After the reboot login as pnadmin, you should now get a standard linux bash shell rather than the “hardened” cisco one. Change the root password…

sudo su
passwd root
And put /etc/password back to how it was. Now from the “pn shell” you can type expert and your root password will work and you’ll have root access to your mars box. With you new root access you can change the pnlicense file as described before and complete the setup process.

CCNA v4. Chapter 6 - Semester 2

2009-02-15T08:42:00.000-08:00

2 Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator needs to create two subnetworks from 10.0.0.0/8 for a router running RIPv2. The Admin subnet requires 120 hosts and the Sales subnet requires 58 hosts. The network administrator assigned 10.0.1.128/25 to the Admin subnet. The Sales subnet is given 10.0.1.192/26. What will be the result of this addressing scheme?
	Because RIPv2 does not support VLSM, the subnet masks will not be allowed.
	The subnets will not have enough host addresses for the given network requirements.
	The subnets overlap and will be rejected by the router.
	The router will support the addressing scheme.

9 Refer to the exhibit. A network technician enters the static route in R1 needed to reach network 10.1.1.0/24. A ping from the S0/0/0 interface on R1 to host B fails. The technician begins testing the network and has the following results: 1. pings from R1 to the S0/0/0 interface on R2....successful 2. pings from R1 to the Fa0/0 interface on R2....successful 3. pings from host B to hosts on the 10.1.1.0/24 network....successful 4. pings from host B to the Fa0/0 interface on R2....successful 5. pings from R2 to host B....successful. What is the likely cause of the failure of the ping from R1 to host B?
	The default gateway on host B is not correctly set.
	There are no routes back to networks connected to R1 from R2.
	There is a Layer 2 problem between R2 and host B.
	Host B has a defective Ethernet card.

CCNA v4. Chapter 5 - Semester 2

2009-01-24T08:46:00.000-08:00

Which of the following would be the correct command sequence to enable RIP on Router B for all connected networks?
	RouterB# router rip RouterB(router)# network 210.36.7.0 RouterB(router)# network 220.17.29.0 RouterB(router)# network 211.168.74.0
	RouterB(config)# router rip RouterB(config-router)# network 198.16.4.0 RouterB(config-router)# network 211.168.74.0 RouterB(config-router)# network 199.84.32.0
	RouterB(config)# configure router rip RouterB(config-router)# network 210.36.7.0 RouterB(config-router)# network 199.84.32.0 RouterB(config-router)# network 211.168.74.0
	RouterB(config)# router rip RouterB(config-router)# network 198.16.4.0 RouterB(config-router)# network 210.36.7.0 RouterB(config-router)# network 211.168.74.0
	RouterB(config)# router rip RouterB(config-router)# network 198.16.4.0 RouterB(config-router)# network 210.36.7.0 RouterB(config-router)# network 220.17.29.0

Refer to the exhibit. The network that is shown is running RIPv1. The 192.168.10.0/24 network was recently added and will only contain end users. What command or set of commands should be entered on Router1 to prevent RIPv1 updates from being sent to the end user devices on the new network while still allowing this new network to be advertised to other routers?
	Router1(config-router)# no router rip Router1(config-router)# network 192.168.10.0
	Router1(config-router)# no network 192.168.10.0
	Router1(config-router)# passive-interface fastethernet 0/0
	Router1(config-router)# passive-interface serial 0/0/0

Refer to the exhibit. All routers are configured with valid interface addresses in the indicated networks and are running RIPv1. The network is converged. Which routes are present in the routing tables?
	All routers have all routes in their routing table.
	All routers have all /30 routes, but do not have /24 routes in their routing table.
	All routers have all /30 routes. Routers A and E also have some of the /24 routes in their routing table.
	All routers have all /30 routes. Routers B and D also have some of the /24 routes in their routing table.
	Routers A and E have all routes. Routers B and D have only /30 routes in their routing table.
	Routers A and E have only /24 routes. Routers B and D have only /30 routes in their routing table.

Refer to the exhibit. Pings between the serial interfaces of the routers are successful. Hosts on each LAN can ping the Fa0/0 interface of the router to which they are directly connected through the switch. However, pings between hosts on the 10.1.1.0/24 and 10.1.2.0/24 networks are unsuccessful. What is a likely cause of this problem?
	The Fa0/0 interface on R1 is configured as a passive interface.
	The Fa0/0 interfaces on each router is shutdown.
	RIP is configured incorrectly on R1.
	Automatic summarization is preventing the routing updates from being forwarded.
	The network has not converged and R2 must wait 12 more seconds before receiving a full routing table update from R1.

Which of the following is considered a limitation of RIP v1?
	RIP v1 does not send subnet mask information in its updates.
	RIP v1 is not widely supported by networking hardware vendors.
	RIP v1 consumes excessive bandwidth by multicasting routing updates using a Class D address.
	RIP v1 requires enhanced router processors and extra RAM to function effectively.
	RIP v1 does not support load balancing across equal-cost paths.
	RIP v1 authentication is complicated and time-consuming to configure.

CCNA v4. Chapter 4 - Semester 2

2009-01-21T09:35:00.000-08:00

Which of the following methods does split horizon use to reduce incorrect routing information?
	Routing updates are split in half to reduce the update time.
	Information learned from one source is not distributed back to that source.
	New route information must be learned from multiple sources to be accepted.
	The time between updates is split in half to speed convergence.
	New route information is suppressed until the system has converged.

A network administrator is evaluating RIP versus EIGRP for a new network. The network will be sensitive to congestion and must respond quickly to topology changes. What are two good reasons to choose EIGRP instead of RIP in this case? (Choose two.)
	EIGRP uses periodic updates.
	EIGRP only updates affected neighbors.
	EIGRP uses broadcast updates.
	EIGRP updates are partial.
	EIGRP uses the efficient Bellman-Ford algorithm.

What actions will occur after RouterA loses connectivity to network 114.125.16.0? (Choose two.)
	RouterB will include network 123.92.76.0 and 136.125.85.0 in its update to RouterA.
	During the next update interval, RouterB will send a RIP update out both ports that includes the inaccessible network.
	During the next update interval, RouterC will send an update to RouterB stating that network 114.125.16.0 is accessible in 2 hops.
	Router C will learn of the loss of connectivity to network 114.125.16.0 from RouterB.
	RouterB will include network 123.92.76.0 and 136.125.85.0 in its update to RouterC.

Refer to the exhibit. What path will packets from the 192.168.1.0/24 network travel to reach the 10.0.0.0/8 network if RIP is the active routing protocol?
	The path will be router A -> router B -> router C -> router E.
	The path will be router A -> router D -> router E.
	Router A will load balance between the router A -> router D -> router E and router A -> router B -> router C -> router E paths.
	Packets will alternate paths depending on the order they arrive at router A.

What is the purpose of the TTL field in the IP header?
	used to mark routes as unreachable in updates sent to other routers
	prevents regular update messages from reinstating a route that may have gone bad
	prevents a router from advertising a network through the interface from which the update came
	limits the time or hops that a packet can traverse through the network before it should be discarded
	defines a maximum metric value for each distance vector routing protocol by setting a maximum hop count

Three routers running a distance-vector routing protocol lost all power, including the battery backups. When the routers reload, what will happen?
	They will share all routes saved in NVRAM prior to the power loss with their directly connected neighbors.
	They will multicast hello packets to all other routers in the network to establish neighbor adjacencies.
	They will send updates that include only directly connected routes to their directly connected neighbors.
	They will broadcast their full routing table to all routers in the network.

Which two statements describe EIGRP? (Choose two.)
	EIGRP can be used with Cisco and non-Cisco routers.
	EIGRP sends triggered updates whenever there is a change in topology that influences the routing information.
	EIGRP has an infinite metric of 16.
	EIGRP sends a partial routing table update, which includes just routes that have been changed.
	EIGRP broadcasts its updates to all routers in the network.

Which two statements are true regarding the function of the RIPv1 routing updates? (Choose two).
	updates are broadcast only when there are changes to the topology
	updates are broadcast at regular intervals
	broadcast are sent to 0.0.0.0
	broadcasts are sent to 255.255.255.255
	updates contain the entire network topology
	only changes are included in the updates

Refer to the exhibit. The routers in this network are running RIP. Router A has not received an update from Router B in over three minutes. How will Router A respond?
	The Holddown timer will wait to remove the route from the table for 60 seconds.
	The Invalid timer will mark the route as unusable if an update has not been received in 180 seconds.
	The Update timer will request an update for routes that were learned from Router B.
	The Hello timer will expire after 10 seconds and the route will be flushed out of the routing table.

Which statement is true regarding cisco’s RIP_JITTER variable?
	It prevents the synchronization of routing updates by buffering the updates as they leave the router interfaces.
	It prevents the synchronization of routing updates by subtracting a random length of time ranging from 0% to 15% of the specified interval time from the next routing update interval.
	It prevents the synchronization of routing updates by causing the router to skip every other scheduled update time.
	It prevents the synchronization of routing updates by forcing the router to listen when its time for other updates on the lines before sending its update.

CCNA v4. Chapter 3 - Semester 2

2009-01-21T09:25:00.000-08:00